Physical Chemistry

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Detailed Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Chapter 11 11 Quantum Mechanics and Atomic Structure 11.1 Electromagnetic Radiation and the Old Quantum Theory   Simple Harmonic Motion; Plane Waves and Standing Waves; Blackbody Radiation; Einstein and the Quantization of Radiation ;Zero-Point Energy 11.2 Bohr’s Atomic Theory   Spectral Series 11.3 The Foundations of Quantum Mechanics   The Wave Nature of Electrons; The Uncertainty Principle 11.4 Schrödinger’s Wave Mechanics   Eigenfunctions and Normalization 11.5 Quantum-Mechanical Postulates   Orthogonality of Wave Functions; Non-Commutation and the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle 11.6 Quantum Mechanics of Some Simple Systems   The Free Particle; The Particle in a Box; The Harmonic Oscillator 11.7 Quantum Mechanics of Hydrogenlike Atoms   Solution of the F Equation; Solution of the T; Equation Solution of the R Equation; Complete Wave Functions 11.8 Physical Significance of the Orbital Quantum Numbers   The Principal Quantum Number; n Angular Dependence of the Wave Function: The Quantum Numbers l and ml 11.9 Angular Momentum and Magnetic Moment   Angular Momentum; Magnetic Moment 11.10 The Rigid Linear Rotor 11.11 Spin Quantum Numbers 11.12 Many-Electron Atoms   The Pauli Exclusion Principle; The Aufbau Principle; Hund’s Rule 11.13 Approximation Methods in Quantum Mechanics   The Variation Method; Perturbation Method; The Self-Consistent Field (SCF) Method; Slater Orbitals; Relativistic Effects in Quantum Mechanics; Dirac Notation Key Equations Problems Suggested Reading Chapter 12 The Chemical Bond   The Nature of the Covalent Bond Biography: Gilbert Newton Lewis 12.1 The Hydrogen Molecular-Ion H2+ 12.2 The Hydrogen Molecule   The Heitler-London Valence-Bond Method; Electron Spin; The Molecular-Orbital Method 12.3 Hückel Theory for More Complex Molecules   Ethylene; Butadiene; Benzene 12.4 Valence-Bond Theory for More Complex Molecules   The Covalent Bond; Electronegativity; Orbital Overlap; Orbital Hybridization; Multiple Bonds 12.5 Symmetry in Chemistry   Symmetry Elements and Symmetry Operations; Point Groups and Multiplication Tables; Group Theory 12.6 Symmetry of Molecular Orbitals   Homonuclear Diatomic Molecules; The Weakest Known Bond: The Helium Dimer; Heteronuclear Diatomic Molecules; The Water Molecule Key Equations Problems Suggested Reading Chapter 13 Foundations of Chemical Spectroscopy 13.1 Emission and Absorption Spectra   Classical Electromagnetic Waves; The Energy of Radiation in Emission and Absorption; Time-Dependent Perturbation Theory and Spectral Transitions; The Einstein Coefficients; The Laws of Lambert and Beer 13.2 Atomic Spectra   Coulombic Interaction and Term Symbols Biography: Gerhard Herzberg Exchange Interaction: Multiplicity of States; Spin-Orbit Interactions; The Vector Model of the Atom; The Effect of an External Magnetic Field 13.3 Pure Rotational Spectra of Molecules   Diatomic Molecules; Linear Triatomic Molecules; Microwave Spectroscopy; Nonlinear Molecules; The Stark Effect 13.4 Vibrational-Rotational Spectra of Molecules   Diatomic Molecules; Coupling of Rotational and Vibrational Motion: The Separability Assumption; Normal Modes of Vibration ;Infrared Spectra of Complex Molecules; Characteristic Group Frequencies 13.5 Raman Spectra 13.6 Electronic Spectra of Molecules   Term Symbols for Linear Molecules; Selection Rules; The Structure of Electronic Band Systems; Excited Electronic States; The Fate of Electronically Excited Species Appendix: Symmetry Species Corresponding to Infrared and Raman Spectra Key Equations Problems Suggested Reading Chapter 14 Some Modern Applications of Spectroscopy 14.1 Laser Spectroscopy   Requirements for Stimulated Emission; Properties of Laser Light; Three-and Four-Level Lasers 14.2 Spectral Line Widths   Lifetime Broadening; Doppler Broadening 14.3 Types of Lasers 14.4 Laser Techniques for Chemistry   The Use of Lasers in Chemical Spectroscopy; Laser Raman Spectroscopy; Hyper-Raman Spectroscopy; Resonancce Raman Spectroscopy ;Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS); Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF); Zero Kinetic Energy Raman Spectroscopy (ZEKE); Application of Lasers to Other Branches of Spectroscopy 14.5 Magnetic Spectroscopy   Magnetic Susceptibility; Magnetic and Electric Moments; Magnetic Interaction Leading to Spectra Consequences 14.6 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy   The Machinery of NMR Spectroscopy; Pulsed NMR; Spin Echoes; NMR Instrumentation; One-Dimensional; NMR Experiments; Chemical Shifts; J-coupling; Two Coupled Spins; Classification of Spectra Two-Dimensional NMR; Examples of the Use of NMR in Chemistry; Solid-State NMR 14.7 Electron Magnetic Resonance (EMR)   Hyperfine structure 14.8 Mössbauer Spectroscopy 14.9 Photoelectron Spectroscopy 14.10 Photoacoustic Spectroscopy 14.11 Chiroptical Methods   The Nature of Polarized Light; Optical Activity and Polarimetry; Optical Rotatory Dispersion (ORD); Circular Dichroism (CD) 14.12 Mass Spectrometry Key Equations Problems Suggested Reading