Chapter 2
The First Law of Thermodynamics
2.1 Origins of the First Law
2.2 States and State Functions
2.3 Equilibrium States and Reversibility
2.4 Energy, Heat, and Work
| |
The Nature of Work Processes at Constant Volume Processes at Constant Pressure: Enthalpy Heat Capacity
|
2.5 Thermochemistry
| |
Extent of Reaction Standard States Measurement of Enthalpy Changes Calorimetry
Relationship between ΔU and ΔH Temperature Dependence of
Enthalpies of Reaction Enthalpies of Formation Bond Enthalpies
|
2.6 Ideal Gas Relationships
| |
Reversible Compression at Constant Pressure Reversible
Pressure Change at Constant Volume Reversible Isothermal Compression
Reversible Adiabatic Compression |
2.7 Real Gases
| |
The Joule-Thomson Experiment Van der Waals Gases |
Key Equations
Problems
Suggested Reading
Chapter 3
The Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics
| |
Biography: Rudolf Julius Emmanuel Clausius
|
3.1 The Carnot Cycle
| |
Efficiency of a Reversible Carnot Engine Carnot’s
Theorem The Thermodynamic Scale of Temperature
The Generalized Cycle: The Concept of Entropy |
3.2 Irreversible Processes
3.3 Molecular Interpretation of Entropy
3.4 The Calculation of Entropy Changes
| |
Changes of State of Aggregation Ideal Gases Entropy of Mixing Informational
or Configurational Entropy Solids and Liquids |
3.5 The Third Law of Thermodynamics
| |
Cryogenics: The Approach to Absolute Zero Absolute Entropies |
3.6 Conditions for Equilibrium
| |
Constant Temperature and Pressure: The Gibbs Energy Constant Temperature and Volume:
The Helmholtz Energy |
3.7 The Gibbs Energy
| |
Molecular Interpretation Gibbs Energies of Formation Gibbs Energy and Reversible Work |
3.8 Some Thermodynamic Relationships
| |
Maxwell Relations Thermodynamic Equations of State Some Applications
of Thermodynamic Relationships Fugacity and Activity |
3.9 The Gibbs-Helmholtz Equation
3.10 Thermodynamic Limitations to Energy Conversion
| |
First Law Efficiencies Second Law Efficiencies Refrigeration and Liquefaction
Heat Pumps Chemical Conversion. |
Key Equations
Problems
Suggested Reading
Chapter 4
Chemical Equilibrium
| |
Biography: Jacobus Henricus van’t Hoff |
4.1 Chemical Equilibrium Involving Ideal Gases
| |
Equilibrium Constant in Concentration Units |
4.2 Equilibrium in Nonideal Gaseous Systems
4.3 Chemical Equilibrium in Solution
4.4 Heterogeneous Equilibrium
4.5 Tests for Chemical Equilibrium
4.6 Shifts of Equilibrium at Constant Temperature
4.7 Coupling of Reactions
4.8 Temperature Dependence of Equilibrium Constants
4.9 Pressure Dependence of Equilibrium Constants
Key Equations
Problems
Suggested Reading
Chapter 5
Phases and Solutions
5.1 Phase Recognition
| |
Phase Distinctions in the Water System Phase Changes in Liquid Crystals
Phase Equilibria in a One-Component System: Water |
5.2 Vaporization and Vapor Pressure
| |
Thermodynamics of Vapor Pressure: The Clapeyron Equation The Clausius-Clapeyron
Equation Enthalpy and Entropy of Vaporization: Trouton’s Rule Variation of Vapor Pressure
with External Pressure |
5.3 Classification of Transitions in Single-Component Systems
5.4 Ideal Solutions: Raoult’s and Henry’s Laws
5.5 Partial Molar Quantities
| |
Relation of Partial Molar Quantities to Normal Thermodynamic Properties |
5.6 The Chemical Potential
5.7 Thermodynamics of Solutions
| |
Raoult’s Law Revisited Ideal Solutions Nonideal Solutions; Activity
and Activity Coefficients |
5.8 The Colligative Properties
| |
Freezing Point Depression Ideal Solubility and the Freezing Point Depression
Boiling Point Elevation Osmotic Pressure |
Key Equations
Problems
Suggested Reading
Chapter 6
Phase Equilibria
6.1 Equilibrium Between Phases
| |
Number of Components Degrees of Freedom The Phase Rule |
6.2 One-Component Systems
6.3 Binary Systems Involving Vapor
| |
Liquid-Vapor Equilibria of Two-Component Systems Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium
in Systems Not Obeying Raoult’s Law Temperature-Composition Diagrams:
Boiling Point Curves Distillation Azeotropes Distillation of Immiscible Liquids:
Steam Distillation Distillation of Partially Miscible Liquids |
6.4 Condensed Binary Systems
| |
Two-Liquid Components Solid-Liquid Equilibrium: Simple Eutectic Phase Diagrams |
6.5 Thermal Analysis
6.6 More Complicated Binary Systems
| |
Solid Solutions Partial Miscibility Compound Formation |
6.7 Crystal Solubility: The Krafft Boundary and Krafft Eutectic
6.8 Ternary Systems
| |
Liquid-Liquid Ternary Equilibrium Solid-Liquid Equilibrium in Three-Component
Systems Representation of Temperature in Ternary Systems |
Key Equations
Problems
Suggested Reading
Target audience
Covers all the traditional and modern topics in Physical Chemistry in undergraduate physical science programs.
We encourage sales to Universities, Institutions and Home Groups by providing
Volume Discounts (found at the bottom of all product pages). These provide even greater savings over our already low prices, compared to hard copy textbooks.
Users: teachers
With the programs loaded on the teachers laptop, the material can be projected in class. In addition throughout the text are scattered about 100 multimedia interactions that pop-up. In class, using the Multimedia Table of Contents , these interactions can be used as demonstrations.
Easy navigation with all sections and subsections linked to the Table of Contents..
Integrated into The Web with ready links to websites like Wikipedia, Google search, More Chemistry Help, etc.
In the flash version, an oular tool allows for important sections of the text to be highlighted and magnified, with the rest of the text dimmed. This is useful for students to keep their place while reading and for teachers to emphasize a point in class.
The multimedia pop-ups give students a chance to visualize and interact with programs that demonstrate different concepts.
The text provides detailed treatment of concepts that students often find challenging. Most of these are illustrated by worked examples.
eBooks are
green and today students have grown up reading and interacting with computers. Students are not only comfortable with electronic media, but for ecological reasons alone, eBook must replace hard copy.
Users: Students
This eTextbook provides many more features than are possible with hard textbooks, and does this at a much reduced price. Although all the undergraduate topics in physical chemistry are covered, you may not need to take them all. For this reason, the textbook is broken into smaller modules that cover specific topics. This provides an even greater saving.
Easy navigation, convenient hyperlinking and many features that enhance your ability to find material easily so you can concentrate on learning.
Fully integrated into The Web, with links to Wikipedia, Google, More Chemistry Help, and other useful on-line resources.
Interesting and informative multimedia components are built into the book and pop-up when clicked so you can listen to explanations of the material you are working on, and perform interactions that will help you understand the concepts.
In the flash version, a reading ocular allows you to magnify and focus on specific areas of text material. This helps you to keep your place while reading. In addition there is an underline tool that permits you to highlight text.
Note-taking tool allows you to jot down your thoughts as you go, or to keep reminders. (Flash version only)
Extensive problems are provided that are an essential part of studying for Physical Chemistry. A full solution manual is available for free. This solution manual was written by students for students. It is well known that peer learning is effective, and therefore the worked-out problems provide a valuable tool for all those interested in understanding physical chemistry at the required level.
eBooks save trees.
.jpg)
Microsoft®Windows®2000 with Service Pack 4, Windows Server® 2003 and 2008; Windows XP Professional, Home Edition, or Tablet PC Edition with Service Pack 2 or 3; Windows Vista®Home Basic, Home Premium, Business, Ultimate, or Enterprise with or without Service Pack 1 
